In modern hydrography, all measurements from the array
of on-board sensors are processed by computers.This necessitates that all
sensors provide their measured data in digital form. In echo sounding, in
particular, a large number of analogue echoes are converted into a single
depth value. However, in this automatic conversion the user losses informations
about the echoes reflected by the top of the soil, by buried sediment layers
and by additional reflectors in the water. This information in the form
of the graphical deciption of all the echoes has to be used frequently in
postprocessing to verify the depth values automatically determined by the
echo sounder system.
To ensure the verifiability of the measured data, the
new surveying echo sounders
LituSystem /
LituGraph have internal
computers and show the recorded echoes on a LCD screen instead of using
the conventional echo registration on electro-sensitive or thermo-sensitive
paper. The modern display reduces paper usage and eliminates wear problems
of the registration mechanics.
Special interface electronics converts the complete echo
sequence, including all echoes due to intermediate and sediment reflectors,
into a serial digital data stream, which can be received by any convential
desktop or notebook computer of sufficient capacity.
The echo sequence can be displayed on screen in real
time without delay using the Fz software LituPlot. The screen shows
the familiar graphical echo registration plot that used to be printed onto
paper with all the echoes generated in nature. For each sounding, a depth
value is determined from the analogue echo sequence and is displayed on
the screen instantaneously. If the LituSystem or LituGraph has several sounding
frequencies depth values are determined for all frequencies and are displayed
on the screen.
At the same time the graphical deciption is displayed
on the screen the complete data stream of the echo sequence is archived
on the hard disk of the built-in computer. The depth value of the main soil
echo is saved as well and it can be transferred to ean external analysis
module - if one exists. The data format can be adapted to be compatible
with an existing surveying system.
A positioning or annotation system such as differential
GPS receivers, laser distance measurements units or external computers can
be connected to the LituSystem / LituGraph. The data strings are marked
on the display and are saved onto the hard disk with the echo data.
The data saved on the hard disk can be transferred to
any computer using diskettes, ZIP diskettes, CD-ROM or other mobile media.
Furthermore, the built-in computer offers additional possibilities to work
with the data or to transfer them, e.g. by radio transmission.
In the replay mode, a recorded echograph can be analyzed
or verifies on the display of the on-board computer or checked at a computer
at the office.
The LituSystem / LituGraph is connected to the ship's
power supply (12 / 24 Vdc).